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How Does Bluetooth Work?
Bluetooth wireless technology enables electronic devices to connect and communicate wirelessly through short range, ad hoc networks known as piconets and was intended to replace the cables connecting portable and/or fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security and connectivity. Bluetooth technology is renown for its robustness, low cost and low power. The Bluetooth specification defines a uniform structure for a wide range of devices to connect and communicate with each other.
Why is it called Bluetooth?
Harald Bluetooth was king of Denmark in the late 900s. He managed to unite Denmark and part of Norway into a single kingdom then introduced Christianity into Denmark. He left a large monument, the Jelling rune stone, in memory of his parents. He was killed in 986 during a battle with his son, Svend Forkbeard. Choosing this name for the standard indicates how important companies from the Nordic region (nations including Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland) are to the communications industry, even if it says little about the way the technology works.
A Bluetooth connection is wireless and automatic, and it has a number of interesting features that can simplify our daily lives.
Bluetooth technology is now recognised Worldwide and any Bluetooth enabled device can connect to other Bluetooth enabled devices in proximity. Each device can simultaneously communicate with up to seven other devices within a single piconet. Each device can also belong to several piconets simultaneously. Piconets are established dynamically and automatically as Bluetooth enabled devices enter and leave radio proximity.
Bluetooth wireless technology strength has the ability to simultaneously handle both data and voice transmissions enabling enables users to enjoy a variety of innovative solutions such as a hands free headset for voice calls, printing and fax capabilities, and synchronising PDAs, laptops, and mobile phone applications.
Bluetooth Facts
Bluetooth technology operates in the unlicensed industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band at 2.4 to 2.485 GHz, using a spread spectrum, frequency hopping, full-duplex signal at a nominal rate of 1600 hops/sec. The 2.4 GHz ISM band is available and unlicensed in most countries.
Interference
AFH, otherwise known as adaptive frequency hopping is bluetooth's technology that was designed to reduce interference between wireless technologies that share the 2.4 GHz spectrum. AFH takes advantage of the available frequencies, this is done by detecting other devices in the spectrum and avoiding the frequencies they are using. Adaptive hopping provides users with a greater performance and efficiency within the spectrum, even if using other technologies along with Bluetooth. The signal hops among 79 frequencies at 1 MHz intervals to give a high degree of interference immunity.Range
Depending on the device the operating ranges are as follows:
- Class 3 radios range of up to 1 meter or 3 feet
- Class 2 radios range of 10 meters or 30 feet (most commonly found in mobile devices)
- Class 1 radios range of 100 meters or 300 feet (most commonly found in industrial use cases
Power
Bluetooth technology is designed to have very low power consupmtion and the most frequently used radio is Class 2 and uses 2.5 mW of power. Bluetooth.
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